What is the difference between community-acquired pneumonia and hospital-acquired pneumonia?

INTRODUCTION Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is defined as an acute infection of the pulmonary parenchyma in a patient who has acquired the infection in the community, as distinguished from hospital-acquired (nosocomial) pneumonia (HAP).

What is health care associated pneumonia?

Healthcare-associated pneumonia (nosocomial pneumonia) is pneumonia that you get when you are in a hospital or nursing home. Experts generally consider it a more serious illness than pneumonia that people get in daily life (community-associated pneumonia).

What is the most common cause of healthcare associated pneumonia?

The most common cause of hospital-acquired pneumonia is microaspiration of bacteria that colonize the oropharynx and upper airways in seriously ill patients.

What are 4 causes of hospital-acquired pneumonia?

Common causes of hospital-acquired pneumonia

• P aeru ginosa.
• Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-susceptible S aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA)
• Klebsiella pneumoniae.
• Escherichia coli.
• Non-Enterobacteriaceae bacteria such as S.

What is the biggest risk factor for hospital-acquired pneumonia?

Risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) include mechanical ventilation for > 48 h, residence in an ICU, duration of ICU or hospital stay, severity of underlying illness, and presence of comorbidities. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterobacter are the most common causes of HAP.

How long does it take to get over community acquired pneumonia?

With treatment, most people improve within 2 weeks. Older adults or very sick people may need longer treatment. Those who may be more likely to have complicated pneumonia include: Older adults.

How do you get healthcare-associated pneumonia?

Health care-associated pneumonia (HCAP) is a relatively new category of nosocomial pneumonia that refers to infections that occur prior to hospital admission in patients with specific risk factors (immunosuppression, recent hospitalization, residence in a nursing facility, requiring dialysis) (5, 10).

What is the first line treatment for hospital-acquired pneumonia?

Additionally, the initial empiric therapy for patients with late-onset HAP or risk factors for MDROs is outlined in Table 3. In patients with risk factors for MDROs, particularly with MRSA, vancomycin or linezolid is an appropriate first choice.

How long does it take to recover from hospital-acquired pneumonia?

4 weeks – chest pain and mucus production should have substantially reduced. 6 weeks – cough and breathlessness should have substantially reduced. 3 months – most symptoms should have resolved, but you may still feel very tired (fatigue) 6 months – most people will feel back to normal.

Who is at risk for community acquired pneumonia?

Several risk factors for CAP are recognised, including age >65 years,1 6 7 smoking,6 alcoholism,7 immunosuppressive conditions,7 and conditions such as COPD,8 cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic liver or renal disease, diabetes mellitus and dementia.

What are the signs of recovery from pneumonia?

Recovering from pneumonia