What is fascial space infection?

Fascial space infections of the head and neck region are mainly caused by bacterial infections arising from pre-existing dental caries-related sequalae such as pulpitis and apical periodontitis, pericoronitis or periodontal diseases.

What are the fascial spaces involved in the mandibular facial space infections?

Cervico-Fascial Space Infections / Cervico-Facial Cellulitis / Peri-Mandibular Infections

• buccal space.
• buccinator space.
• para-pharyngeal space.
• sub-mandibular space.
• sub-lingual space.
• lateral pharyngeal and.
• pterygoid space.

How do you treat a space infection?

However, few articles are available specific to management of odontogenic fascial space abscess in hemophiliac patient [1]. The usual protocol for the management of patients having odontogenic space infection is incision and drainage, removal of the focus and antibiotic along with supportive measures.

What bacteria causes Ludwig angina?

Ludwig’s angina is a bacterial infection. The bacteria Streptococcus and Staphylococcus are common causes. It often follows a mouth injury or infection, such as a tooth abscess.

Can tooth infection spread to neck?

If the abscess ruptures, the pain may decrease significantly — but you still need dental treatment. If the abscess doesn’t drain, the infection may spread to your jaw and to other areas of your head and neck. You might even develop sepsis — a life-threatening infection that spreads throughout your body.

How can you tell if an infection is spreading?

Symptoms of an infected cut or wound can include:

• redness in the area of the wound, particularly if it spreads or forms a red streak.
• swelling or warmth in the affected area.
• pain or tenderness at or around the site of the wound.
• pus forming around or oozing from the wound.
• fever.

Which space infection causes trismus?

Submasseteric Infection: A Rare, Deep Space Cheek Infection Causing Trismus.

Why Suprasternal space is called space of Burns?

The suprasternal space (Space of burns) is a narrow space between the superficial and deep layers of the investing layers of the deep cervical fascia. Boundaries: Anterior: superficial layer of deep cervical fascia attached to the anterior border of the manubrium.

How is space infection diagnosed?

Submandibular space infection is acute cellulitis of the soft tissues below the mouth. Symptoms include pain, dysphagia, and potentially fatal airway obstruction. Diagnosis usually is clinical. Treatment includes airway management, surgical drainage, and IV antibiotics.

What are the fatal complications of odontogenic infections?

Complications include airway obstruction, mediastinitis, necrotizing fascitis, cavernous sinus thrombosis, sepsis, thoracic empyema, Lemierre’s syndrome, cerebral abscess, orbital abscess, and osteomyelitis. The incidence of these “space infections” has been greatly reduced by modern antibiotic therapy.

Is Ludwig’s angina fatal?

It causes swelling in the tissues under the tongue and in the neck. The swelling can be so severe that it cuts off the person’s airways and prevents them from swallowing saliva. If a person does not receive treatment, Ludwig’s angina can be fatal. Anyone who has trouble breathing should receive emergency medical aid.

What are the clinical features of fascial space infection?

Clinical Features Absence of extra-oral swelling.  Severe trismus.  Difficulty in swallowing.  Anterior bulging of half of soft palate & tonsillar pillars with deviation of uvula to unaffected side. Spread of Infection Superiorly to infratemporal space.  Medially to lateral pharyngeal space.  To submandibular space.

How are the fascial spaces and connective tissue related?

2. Fascial Spaces  These areas are either clefts ( potential spaces between facial layers ) or compartment containing connective tissue.  Fascial planes offer anatomic highways for infection to spread from superficial to deep planes. 3. Classification of Fascial Spaces    Based on mode of involvementPrimary spaces. Secondary spaces.

Is there space between the alar and prevertebral fascia?

Prevertebral Space  Potential space between two layers of prevertebral fascia (alar and prevertebral layers).  Extends from skull base superiorly to the diaphragm inferiorly.  Mediastinitis is concern with prevertebral space infections similarly to retropharyngeal space infections. 32.

Where are the spaces in the cervical fascia?

These potential spaces lie between the layers of the superficial fascia and deep layers of the cervical fascia surrounding the structures of the neck. The fascial layers limit and also direct the spread of infection. These spaces include submandibular, parapharyngeal, retropharyngeal, and prevertebral spaces.