How do thiazide and thiazides diuretics lower blood pressure?

Some of the most commonly prescribed antihypertensives, thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics are thought to chronically lower blood pressure primarily by reducing total peripheral resistance.

What is the mechanism of action of diuretics?

They act by diminishing sodium reabsorption at different sites in the nephron, thereby increasing urinary sodium and water losses. A second class of diuretics, sometimes termed aquaretics, instead inhibit water reabsorption by blocking vasopressin receptors along the connecting tubule and collecting duct.

What is the mechanism of action of thiazide diuretics and why is it recommended as first line agents for hypertension?

Thiazide diuretics were discovered in the 1950s and found to be very effective orally active antihypertensive drugs. The mechanism of action for thiazide diuretics is inhibiting the apical sodium/chloride transporter in epithelial cells of the distal convoluted tubules to reduce ECF and cardiac output.

What is an example of a thiazide-like diuretic?

Thiazide-type diuretics include chlorothiazide, HCTZ, methychlothiazide, trichlormethiazide, polythiazide, bendroflumethiazide and thiazide-like diuretics include indapamide, CTDN, and metolazone.

Is thiazide a sulfa drug?

Sulfonamide (medicine) Hydrochlorothiazide is a sulfonamide and a thiazide. Furosemide is a sulfonamide, but not a thiazide. Sulfonamide is a functional group (a part of a molecule) that is the basis of several groups of drugs, which are called sulphonamides, sulfa drugs or sulpha drugs.

What is the most common diuretic?

The two most commonly prescribed diuretics in the United States are Furosemide ( lasix) and hydrochlorothiazide. Generally speaking, hydrochlorothiazide is used more for blood pressure control and Lasix (furosemide) is used more for treatment of congestive heart failure.

Is HCTZ a loop diuretic?

An example of a thiazide diuretic is hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ). HCTZ removes excess fluid from the body and is used mainly to lower blood pressure. Furosemide is an example of a loop diuretic. Furosemide is more powerful than HCTZ and is often used in the treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF).

Do diuretics have antinociceptive actions?

Spironolactone, eplerenone, chlorothiazide and furosemide are diuretics that have been suggested to have antinociceptive properties, for example via mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism. In co-administration, diuretics might enhance the antinociceptive effect of opioids via pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic mechanisms.