What is fractured Somatotopy?

Another particularity, observed at the sub-millimeter scale in rodents using electrophysiological recordings, is the so-called fractured somatotopy where the body map is broken up into smaller representations similar to a mosaic (Shambes et al., 1978).

Where in the nervous system can fractured Somatotopic maps be found?

The fractured somatotopy A small area of the cortex that receives sensory input from the arm (by way of mossy fibre–granule cell connections) might be located adjacent to an area that receives input from a non-contiguous region of the same upper extremity.

Why is Somatotopic map important?

The somatotopic map is the projection of the body surface onto a brain area that is responsible for our sense of touch and that is called the somatosensory cortex. This projection connects neurons of the cortex with touch receptors in the skin surface such that neighborhood relations are preserved.

Where is the cerebellum?

The cerebellum (“little brain”) is a fist-sized portion of the brain located at the back of the head, below the temporal and occipital lobes and above the brainstem. Like the cerebral cortex, it has two hemispheres.

What part of the brain controls somatosensory?

parietal lobe
The primary somatosensory cortex is located in a ridge of cortex called the postcentral gyrus, which is found in the parietal lobe. It is situated just posterior to the central sulcus, a prominent fissure that runs down the side of the cerebral cortex.

Where is the motor homunculus located?

precentral gyrus
The motor homunculus is a topographic representation of the body parts and its correspondents along the precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe.

What are the three sensory pathways?

A somatosensory pathway will typically consist of three neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary.

• In the periphery, the primary neuron is the sensory receptor that detects sensory stimuli like touch or temperature.
• The secondary neuron acts as a relay and is located in either the spinal cord or the brainstem.

What are two regions of the brain with a somatotopic organization?

The somatotopic representation of the body and face in the postcentral gyrus and posterior paracentral lobule. The somatotopic map was developed from reports of the sensation and the location of the sensation from conscious patients whose cortices were electrically stimulated during neurosurgery.

What effects can be seen with a stroke in the cerebellum?

Four common effects of strokes in the cerebellum include: Inability to walk and problems with coordination and balance (ataxia) Dizziness. Headache.

What happens if your cerebellum is damaged?

If the cerebellum is damaged, it can result in issues like uncoordinated movement, tremors, or muscle spasms. Damage to this part of the brain is most often caused by a head injury or stroke. You can take care of your cerebellum by making some lifestyle changes.

Which body part is least represented on the somatosensory cortex?

In the primary somatosensory cortex, the contralateral half of the body is represented as an inverted homunculus. The pharyngeal region, tongue, and lips are represented in the most inferior part; followed by face, fingers, hands, arms, trunk, and thigh.

Where are fractured somatotopic maps found in rodents?

Another particularity, observed at the sub-millimeter scale in rodents using electrophysiological recordings, is the so-called fractured somatotopy where the body map is broken up into smaller representations similar to a mosaic ( Shambes et al., 1978 ).

How are the sagittal and frontal planes related?

Sagittal Plane: Cuts the body into left and right halves. Forward and backward movements. Frontal Plane: Cuts the body into front and back halves.

Why are somatotopic maps not resolved using fMRI?

One of the reasons may be due to the potential fractured somatotopy, which cannot be resolved using fMRI, leading to overlap across body parts and between-subject variability as peak activations might not overlap.

Are there two somatotopic maps in the cerebellum?

The cerebellum is known to contain a double somatotopic body representation. While the anterior lobe body map has shown a robust somatotopic organization in previous fMRI studies, the representations in the posterior lobe have been more difficult to observe and are less precisely characterized.

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