What area of the cortex is the planum temporale closest to?

THE PLANUM temporale (PT) is located on the posterosuperior surface of the temporal lobe. This brain region is of particular interest because it evinces the most left-right asymmetry in the human brain (left>right in two thirds of all brains).

What is the temporal pole?

The temporal pole is an anatomical landmark that corresponds to the anterior end of the temporal lobe, lying in the middle cranial fossa. Several studies have shown that the temporal pole is an association cortex involved with multimodal analysis, especially in social and emotional processing.

What is Heschl’s gyrus?

Heschl’s gyrus, also known as transverse temporal gyrus, is part of the temporal lobe and contains the primary auditory cortex (Brodmann area 41). It is entirely hidden within the Sylvian fissure, with the planum temporale and superior temporal gyrus located lateral to it.

What is auditory cortex?

The auditory cortex plays a critical role in our ability to perceive sound. The auditory cortex is also thought to be involved in higher-level auditory processing, such as recognizing aspects of sound that are specific to speech. Damage to the auditory cortex can disrupt various facets of auditory perception.

What is the function of the Planum temporale?

The left planum temporale (PT), often referred to as Wernicke’s area, is involved in auditory processing and receptive language (Nakada et al., 2001). As such, it has been associated with lexical processing (Bookheimer, 2002).

What happens when the Planum temporale is damaged?

MRI studies have shown that the planum temporale in schizophrenics is more symmetrical. This reduced lateralization correlates with more severe positive symptoms, such as hallucinations, as measured by the PANSS.

What are the symptoms of temporal lobe damage?

Damage to the temporal lobes can result in:

• Difficulty in understanding spoken words (Receptive Aphasia)
• Disturbance with selective attention to what we see and hear.
• Difficulty with identification and categorisation of objects.
• Difficulty learning and retaining new information.
• Impaired factual and long-term memory.

What causes TLE?

The causes of TLE include mesial temporal sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, brain infections, such as encephalitis and meningitis, hypoxic brain injury, stroke, cerebral tumours, and genetic syndromes. Temporal lobe epilepsy is not the result of psychiatric illness or fragility of the personality.

What does Hershel’s gyrus do?

Transverse temporal gyri are the first cortical structures to process incoming auditory information. Anatomically, the transverse temporal gyri are distinct in that they run mediolaterally (toward the center of the brain), rather than front to back as all other temporal lobe gyri run.

Is Wernicke’s area in Heschl’s gyrus?

Historically, since Wernicke’s description of the “aphasic symptom complex” in 1874,29 the posterior segment of the superior temporal gyrus (STG) in the dominant hemisphere has been recognized as a key element in language processing. We have named this area the “Heschl’s gyrus fiber intersection area” (HGFIA).

What part of your brain is responsible for hearing?

auditory cortex
Auditory information is analyzed by multiple brain centers as it flows to the superior temporal gyrus, or auditory cortex, the part of the brain involved in perceiving sound. In the auditory cortex, adjacent neurons tend to respond to tones of similar frequency.

What part of the brain controls balance?

cerebellum
The cerebellum is at the back of the brain, below the cerebrum. It’s a lot smaller than the cerebrum. But it’s a very important part of the brain. It controls balance, movement, and coordination (how your muscles work together).

Where is the planum polare located in the brain?

planum polare part of the superior temporal gyrus, in the temporal lobe; part of the cortical network involved in language and music processing. How piano tuning changes the brain September, 2012

What are the functions of the left planum temporale?

The left planum temporale (PT), often referred to as Wernicke’s area, is involved in auditory processing and receptive language (Nakada et al., 2001 ). As such, it has been associated with lexical processing ( Bookheimer, 2002 ).

How to find the shape of the polar equation?

The polar equation is in the form of a limaçon, r = a – b cos θ. Find the ratio of a b to determine the equation’s general shape a b = 1 2 Since the ratio is less than 1, it will have both an inner and outer loop. The loops will be along the polar axis since the function is cosine and will loop to the left since the

Is the planum temporale a unitary functional region?

Cognitive neuroscientists are still assessing the PT’s role in auditory processing. A recent review of the functional neuroanatomy of language by Hickok (2009) shows that the area we refer to as PT is likely not a unitary functional region at all.