What is octanol partition coefficient?

n-Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient (Kow) is defined as the ratio of the concentration of a chemical in n-octanol and water at equilibrium at a specified temperature.

Why is octanol used to measure the partition coefficient?

The n-octanol-water partition coefficient, Kow is a partition coefficient for the two-phase system consisting of n-octanol and water. Kow serves as a measure of the relationship between lipophilicity (fat solubility) and hydrophilicity (water solubility) of a substance.

What does a high octanol water partition coefficient mean?

Hydrophobic drugs with high octanol-water partition coefficients are mainly distributed to hydrophobic areas such as lipid bilayers of cells. Conversely, hydrophilic drugs (low octanol/water partition coefficients) are found primarily in aqueous regions such as blood serum.

What is the use of n-octanol and water in partition coefficient?

The n-octanol/water partition ratio or partition coefficient (log Kow) and n-octanol/water distribution coefficient (log D) are key parameters in environmental risk assessment of chemicals as they are often used to estimate the environmental fate and bioavailability and thus exposure and toxicity of a compound.

How is partition coefficient calculated?

A partition coefficient is the ratio of the concentration of a substance in one medium or phase (C1) to the concentration in a second phase (C2) when the two concentrations are at equilibrium; that is, partition coefficient = (C1/C2)equil.

How do you calculate LogP?

The logP value is a constant defined in the following manner: LogP = log10 (Partition Coefficient) Partition Coefficient, P = [organic]/[aqueous] Where [ ] indicates the concentration of solute in the organic and aqueous partition.

What is the formula of partition coefficient?

What does a higher partition coefficient mean?

unit of measure called the partition coefficient. The greater the solubility of a substance, the higher its partition coefficient, and the higher the partition coefficient, the higher the permeability of the membrane to that particular substance.

What is the importance of partition coefficient?

Partition coefficients describe how a solute is distributed between two immiscible solvents. They are used in drug design as a measure of a solute’s hydrophobicity and a proxy for its membrane permeability.

How do I increase my partition coefficient?

The partition coefficient can be altered by modifying the sample matrix. A common technique is the use of the salting-out effect. For aqueous samples with a high partition coefficient (e.g. ethanol in water), the addition of salt may enhance the sensitivity by up to a factor of 10.

What is the water partition coefficient?

n-Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient ( Kow) is defined as the ratio of the concentration of a chemical in n-octanol and water at equilibrium at a specified temperature.

What is partition coefficient in chemistry?

partition coefficient. noun. Chemistry. The ratio of the concentrations of a solute in two immiscible or slightly miscible liquids, or in two solids, when it is in equilibrium across the interface between them.

What is lipid water partition coefficient?

The lipid/water partition coefficient denotes the ratio of the concentration of a drug in two immiscible or slightly miscible phases. When the solute is only slightly soluble in either phase.