Which infections are caused by gram-positive cocci?

Gram-positive cocci cause certain infections, including the following:

• Pneumococcal infections.
• Staphylococcal aureus infections.
• Streptococcal infections.
• Toxic shock syndrome.

What bacteria causes nosocomial infection?

Though various bacteria, viruses, and fungi can all cause nosocomial infections, the most common is the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. Other common pathogens like Escherichia coli, Enterococci, and Candida are common culprits, and all can be normally found on the skin and mucous membranes.

Are nosocomial infections Gram-positive or negative?

As a group, aerobic gram-negative bacilli are the most common causes of nosocomial infections and the most common causes of infection in the ICU,3 including most cases of hospital-acquired pneumonia and urinary tract infections and 25% to 30% of bloodstream and surgical site infections.

What are the causative agent of nosocomial infection?

Among Nosocomial Virus: VRS, Rotavirus, Hepatitis B and C Viruses, HIV, Influenza Virus are cited. Fungal Agents (Aspergillus, Candida), Plasmodium, Non Conventional Agents (Prions) are also causative agents of Nosocomial Infection.

Can Gram-positive cocci be treated?

Most infections due to Gram-positive organisms can be treated with quite a small number of antibiotics. Penicillin, cloxacillin, and erythromycin should be enough to cover 90 per cent of Gram-positive infections.

What are 3 common examples of nosocomial infections?

Some of the common nosocomial infections are urinary tract infections, respiratory pneumonia, surgical site wound infections, bacteremia, gastrointestinal and skin infections.

What are five things that increase the risk of nosocomial infection?

Certain underlying diseases, procedures, hospital services, and categories of age, sex, race, and urgency of admission were all found to be significant risk factors for nosocomial infection.

Which one of the following Gram-positive bacteria is most likely to be the cause of a nosocomial infection?

aureus. Out of many species of Staphylococcus genus, S. aureus is considered one of the most important pathogens, responsible for nosocomial infections. It is Gram-positive cocci, non-spore forming, catalase- and coagulase-positive, immotile, facultatively anaerobe [15].

Is E coli a nosocomial infection?

E coli is the leading cause of both community-acquired and nosocomial UTI. Up to 50% of females eventually experience at least one episode of UTI. E coli causes 12-50% of nosocomial infections and 4% of cases of diarrheal disease. In tropical countries, EPEC is an important cause of childhood diarrhea.

What is the most common nosocomial infection?

Catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) CAUTI is the most usual type of nosocomial infection globally [11]. According to acute care hospital stats in 2011, UTIs account for more than 12% of reported infections [12]. CAUTIs are caused by endogenous native microflora of the patients.

Is gram-positive cocci contagious?

However, it is known that given the right circumstances, even if the staph infection arises from organisms present on one’s body, if another person has direct contact with the infectious staph bacteria and has a break in the skin or mucous membranes, the organisms and potentially the disease can be contagious.

What does it mean to have Gram positive cocci?

Any bacteria that are present within white blood cells (intracellular) are also noted. The Gram stain color and the bacterial shape give clues as to what bacteria might be causing the infection. One example of gram-positive cocci is Staphylococcus aureus , the bacteria associated with staph infections.

What is Gram positive?

Gram-positive: Gram-positive bacteria retain the color of the crystal violet stain in the Gram stain. This is characteristic of bacteria that have a cell wall composed of a thick layer of a particular substance (called peptidologlycan). The Gram-positive bacteria include staphylococci (“staph”),…

What is the treatment for Gram positive bacteria?

One Treatment Of Gram-positive Bacteria Infections. Also known by the trade name Zyvox, the drug Linezolid is bacteriostatic, meaning that it blocks cell replication and the release of toxins.

Is enteroccus faecalis Gram negative or Gram positive?

Enterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive, commensal bacterium inhabiting the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and other mammals. E. faecalis can cause life-threatening infections in humans, especially in the nosocomial (hospital) environment. E. faecalis is resistant to many commonly used antimicrobial agents.