What is ratoon management in sugarcane?

Ratoon Cane Management Ratoon productivity has been proved to increase with proper management involving timely agricultural operations, proper nutrition management, and integrated pest management and maintenance of adequate plant population.

What are the stages of sugarcane?

These stages are: sprouting (germination), formative stage or tillering, ripening and initiation of sprouting in ratoons. In case of limited water availability, one may sustain sugarcane productivity by irrigating at critical stages of growth. The nitrogen requirement of sugarcane depends upon the soil & climate.

Why do farmers need to maintain ratoon than plant new cane?

Need for ratoon management stems from its being an integral component of sugarcane production system, contributing to over half the cane acreage (it may increase when multiple ratooning is practiced); and as compared to corresponding plant crop, a ratoon crop has superficial roots, early shoot growth has to depend upon …

Why ratoon cropping is popular in sugarcane?

Ratoon cropping is popular in sugarcane because this gives a new crop in next year without fresh planting.

How do you maintain sugar cane?

Sugarcane care is accomplished with cultivation and herbicides to control weeds in the plantation. Supplemental fertilization is often needed for optimal growth of the sugarcane plants. Water may occasionally be pumped from the field after heavy rains, and in turn, may be pumped back in during drier seasons.

Which variety is better for cultivating ratoon sugarcane?

Moreover, it is not worth to utilize the ratoon crop as the planting material under any circumstances. Prominent varieties like CO-8011, CO-8014 (late maturity), CO-86032, CO-85002 (mid-late maturity), COC-94012, and CO-740 (early maturity) are suitable for higher ratoon yield in the current scenario.

How much is sugarcane per acre?

The average yield of cane stalk is 60–70 tonnes per hectare (24–28 long ton/acre; 27–31 short ton/acre) per year, but this figure can vary between 30 and 180 tonnes per hectare depending on knowledge and crop management approach used in sugarcane cultivation.

Which fertilizer is best for sugarcane?

Using the right fertilizers in order to provide the sugar cane…

• Nitrogen – The recommended amount of nitrogen is based on 1 Kg N per ton of expected plant cane, and 1.25 – 1.50 Kg of N per ton of cane expected for ratoon crops.
• Phosphate – All applied at planting according to soil analysis.

In which season does sugarcane grow?

In general January to march is the period of planting and December to March is the period of harvesting. In some states sugarcane is grown round the year. After harvest, generally a ratoon crop is cultivated from the regrowth. In some countries 2-6 ratoons are allowed.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of Ratooning?

The advantage of ratooning is that the cost of cultivation is less; it matures earlier and requires less labour while growing. The disadvantage is that the ratoon crop is poorer in quality its yield is less and soil is depleted.

Does sugarcane need sunlight?

To grow successfully, sugarcane needs strong sunlight, fertile soil and lots of water. It needs at least 1.5 m of rainfall each year or access to irrigation. Sugar is made in the leaves of the sugarcane plant through a natural process called photosynthesis.

What is the best fertilizer for sugarcane?

Bio fertilizer:

• Application of azospirillum gives atmospheric nitrogen to the sugarcane crop.
• Apply azospirillum 5 kg/ha, phosphobacteria 5 kg/ha and FYM 500 kg /ha mix it and apply on 30 days after planting along the furrow and irrigated it.
• Bio fertilizer can also apply through fertigation.

How is the ratooning ability of sugarcane determined?

Incorporation of surya charan.S. spontaneum genome into modern sugarcane varieties has contributed to ratooning ability [15,16]. The latter has been assessed by dry matter production of above ground parts at periodic harvests (at 4 months intervals) [16], the ratio of performance ( of NMC and/ or cane weight) of ratoon crop vs. plant crop [17].

How did Ratoon stunting disease affect sugar cane?

Ratoon Stunting Disease. Ratoon Stunting Disease (RSD) was first discovered in Mackay in 1944. Caused by a bacterium that lives in the vascular system of the cane plant, the disease restricts the plant’s ability to carry water and grow. Due to improved diagnostics and management practices, this disease affects fewer than 5% of crops.

What’s the difference between a ratoon and a cane?

Interaction to space is relatively more pronounced in a ratoon crop as compared to its corresponding plant crop and perhaps due to this ratoon crops can tolerate a gap of 10% without any appreciable reduction in cane yield.

Which is the best example of ratooning in India?

A good example of ratoon management and multiple ratooning is from Hoshalli village (in district Shimoga, Karnataka, India) where good yields of sugarcane ratoon crop (125-134 t/ha) were harvested year after year since 1968 without much loss in cane yield and quality.