Why do people inhibit OGG1?

Because 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) binds 8-oxoG and because Ogg1-deficient mice are resistant to acute and systemic inflammation, we hypothesized that OGG1 inhibition may represent a strategy for the prevention and treatment of inflammation.

What is OGG1 gene?

Entrez Gene Summary for OGG1 Gene This gene encodes the enzyme responsible for the excision of 8-oxoguanine, a mutagenic base byproduct which occurs as a result of exposure to reactive oxygen. The action of this enzyme includes lyase activity for chain cleavage.

What does base excision repair fix?

Base excision repair (BER): A pathway for processing small base adducts, inappropriate or oxidized bases, and DNA single-strand breaks. BER is the most versatile among excision repair pathways, and is responsible for repairing most endogenous lesions like oxidized bases and AP sites, as well as DNA single-strand breaks …

What does DNA glycosylase do?

DNA glycosylases play a key role in the elimination of such DNA lesions; they recognize and excise damaged bases, thereby initiating a repair process that restores the regular DNA structure with high accuracy.

What is the end result of base excision repair?

What is the end result of base excision repair? The nucleotide bearing the incorrect base is excised and replaced with a nucleotide bearing the correct base.

Does base excision repair fix Depurination?

In cells, one of the main causes of depurination is the presence of endogenous metabolites undergoing chemical reactions. Apurinic sites in double-stranded DNA are efficiently repaired by portions of the base excision repair (BER) pathway. Depurination is known to play a major role in cancer initiation.

What does DNA glycosylase remove?

DNA glycosylases recognize and remove damaged bases from DNA by cleaving the base–sugar (N-glycosylic) bond, and downstream base excision repair enzymes restore the correct nucleotide. DNA glycosylases are also important for transcriptional regulation and immunity.

How often do spontaneous mutations occur?

Spontaneous mutations occur at a frequency of 10−5–10−6 per locus per generation due to misincorporation by DNA (or RNA) polymerases.

Where does base excision repair occur?

Base excision repair pathway overview BER may take place in nuclei or mitochondria, largely using different isoforms of proteins or genetically distant proteins.

Can excision repair cause mutations?

Lesions processed by BER These modifications can affect the ability of the base to hydrogen-bond, resulting in incorrect base-pairing, and, as a consequence, mutations in the DNA.

How is uracil removed from DNA?

In the majority of species, uracil residues are removed from DNA by specific uracil-DNA glycosylases in the base excision repair pathway. Alternatively, in certain archaeal organisms, uracil residues are eliminated by apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonucleases in the nucleotide incision repair pathway.

Which enzyme is responsible for photoreactivation of DNA?

photolyase
Photoreactivation is a light-induced (300–600 nm) enzymatic cleavage of a thymine dimer to yield two thymine monomers. It is accomplished by photolyase, an enzyme that acts on dimers contained in single- and double-stranded DNA.