How do you treat nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?

Treatment consists of adequate free water intake, thiazide diuretics, NSAIDs, and a low-salt, low-protein diet. (See also Central Diabetes Insipidus.) NDI is characterized by inability to concentrate urine in response to vasopressin.

What is the most common cause of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?

Lithium is the most common cause of acquired nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. It’s a medication often used to treat bipolar disorder. Long-term lithium use can damage the cells of the kidneys so they no longer respond to AVP.

What are the symptoms of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?

The two main symptoms of NDI are chronic excessive thirst (polydipsia) and excessive urine production (polyuria). Excessive urination at night (nocturia) also occurs. Some infants may present with vomiting, retching, unexplained fevers, lethargy, and irritability. Constipation, diarrhea and poor feeding may also occur.

What medication treats nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Treatment with the drug hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide) may improve your symptoms. Although hydrochlorothiazide is a type of drug that usually increases urine output (diuretic), it can reduce urine output for some people with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

What exactly is diabetes insipidus?

Diabetes Insipidus. Diabetes insipidus, often shortened to DI, is a rare form of diabetes that is not related to blood sugar-related diabetes mellitus, but does share some of its signs and symptoms. Diabetes insipidus is simply excessive urination (polyuria) and complications thereof, caused by an antidiuretice hormone called a vasopressin.

What does diabetes insipidus, neurogenic mean?

Neurogenic diabetes insipidus (DI) is caused by a decrease in the production, storage or delivery of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also know as arginine vasopressin (AVP). This hormone’s job is to limit the amount of urine produced by causing less water to be lost through urination.

What is the prognosis of diabetes insipidus (DI)?

Prognosis Diabetes insipidus usually doesn’t cause serious problems. Adults rarely die from it as long as they drink enough water. But the risk of death is higher for infants, seniors, and those who have mental illnesses.

What are the genetic causes of diabetes insipidus (DI)?

The hereditary form of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is caused by genetic mutations , and its signs and symptoms usually become apparent within the first few months of life. The disease may be caused by mutations in two genes , AVPR2 (about 90% of cases) and AQP2 (about 10% of cases).