What is the definition of bronchopulmonary dysplasia?

INTRODUCTION. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), also known as neonatal chronic lung disease (CLD), is an important cause of respiratory illness in preterm newborns that results in significant morbidity and mortality.

Does bronchopulmonary dysplasia go away with age?

What is the long-term outlook for infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia? Babies with this disorder heal and grow at different rates. They usually get better over time.

Can adults have bronchopulmonary dysplasia?

In summary, we conclude that adults with a history of BPD have obstructive and restrictive lung function impairment, including involvement of small airways. Despite more airway obstruction, the BPD group has less symptoms than those with asthma.

What is the current name for bronchopulmonary dysplasia?

Babies who are born very prematurely or who have respiratory problems shortly after birth are at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), sometimes called chronic lung disease. Although most infants fully recover with few long-term health problems, BPD can be serious and need intensive medical care.

When do most babies have bronchopulmonary dysplasia?

Most infants who develop BPD are born more than 10 weeks before their due dates, weigh less than 2 pounds (about 1,000 grams) at birth, and have breathing problems. Infections that occur before or shortly after birth also can contribute to BPD. The number of babies who have BPD is higher now than in the past.

What kind of lung condition is bronchopulmonary dysplasia ( BPD )?

What Is. Bronchopulmonary (BRONG-ko-PUL-mo-NAR-e) dysplasia (dis-PLA-ze-ah), or BPD, is a serious lung condition that affects infants. BPD mostly affects premature infants who need oxygen therapy (oxygen given through nasal prongs, a mask, or a breathing tube).

How is free radical production related to bronchopulmonary dysplasia?

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Free radical production, enhanced by free iron in the air spaces, can result in production of TGF-β production and fibrosis. The relative importance of the different factors discussed here to the pathophysiology of BPD remains to be defined, and multiple pathways to injury are plausible.

What is the role of TGF-β in bronchopulmonary dysplasia?

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. In cultured fetal lung, TGF-β inhibits branching and blocks differentiation of type II cells. TGF-β increases in tracheal aspirates on the first day of life in premature infants who subsequently develop BPD, suggesting that TGF-β is involved in initiation of the injury in BPD.